Expressing the sense of Congress that any United States-Saudi Arabia civilian nuclear cooperation agreement must prohibit the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from enriching uranium or separating plutonium on its own territory, in keeping with the strongest possible nonproliferation "gold standard".

IV 116TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION H. CON. RES. 23 Expressing the sense of Congress that any United States-Saudi Arabia civilian nuclear cooperation agreement must prohibit the Kingdom of Saudi Ara- bia from enriching uranium or separating plutonium on its own territory, in keeping with the strongest possible nonproliferation ‘‘gold standard’’. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FEBRUARY 28, 2019 Mr. LEVIN of Michigan (for himself and Mr. AMASH) submitted the following concurrent resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs CONCURRENT RESOLUTION Expressing the sense of Congress that any United States- Saudi Arabia civilian nuclear cooperation agreement must prohibit the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from enrich- ing uranium or separating plutonium on its own terri- tory, in keeping with the strongest possible nonprolifera- tion ‘‘gold standard’’. Whereas, on May 21, 2009, the United States and the United Arab Emirates signed a bilateral agreement pursuant to section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2153), establishing cooperation on civilian nuclear programs in which the United Arab Emirates agreed that it ‘‘shall not possess sensitive nuclear facilities within its territory or otherwise engage in activities within its terri- tory for, or relating to, the enrichment or reprocessing of VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:58 Feb 28, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HC23.IH HC23 pamtmann on DSKBFK8HB2PROD with BILLS 2 •HCON 23 IH material, or for the alternation in form or content (except by irradiation or further irradiation or, if agreed by the Parties, post-irradiation examination) of plutonium, ura- nium 233, high enriched uranium, or irradiated source or special fissionable material’’; Whereas the civil nuclear cooperation agreement between the United States and the United Arab Emirates further ob- ligates the United Arab Emirates to bring into force its Additional Protocol to its International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safeguards Agreement before the United States licenses ‘‘exports of nuclear material, equipment, components, or technology’’ pursuant to the agreement; and Whereas this agreement became known as the first ‘‘gold standard’’ civil nuclear agreement and was lauded as a step toward establishing a precedent for strong non- proliferation standards on the Arabian Peninsula: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 1 concurring), That it is the sense of Congress that any 2 United States-Saudi Arabia civilian nuclear cooperation 3 agreement under section 123 of the Atomic Energy Act 4 of 1954 (42 U.S.C. 2153), commonly known as a ‘‘123 5 Agreement’’, concluded in the future should prohibit the 6 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from enriching uranium or sepa- 7 rating plutonium on Saudi Arabian territory in keeping 8 with the strongest possible nonproliferation ‘‘gold stand- 9 ard’’, as well as require the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to 10 VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:58 Feb 28, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\HC23.IH HC23 pamtmann on DSKBFK8HB2PROD with BILLS 3 •HCON 23 IH bring into force the Additional Protocol with the Inter- 1 national Atomic Energy Agency. 2 Æ VerDate Sep 11 2014 21:58 Feb 28, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\HC23.IH HC23 pamtmann on DSKBFK8HB2PROD with BILLS