Calling upon the leadership of the Government of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to dismantle its labor camp system, and for other purposes.

IV 116TH CONGRESS 1ST SESSION H. RES. 115 Calling upon the leadership of the Government of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to dismantle its labor camp system, and for other purposes. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES FEBRUARY 8, 2019 Mr. CONAWAY submitted the following resolution; which was referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs RESOLUTION Calling upon the leadership of the Government of the Demo- cratic People’s Republic of Korea to dismantle its labor camp system, and for other purposes. Whereas the public has long been aware of the labor camp system in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (North Korea) through continuous eye-witness and sur- vivor accounts, and now-publicly available satellite tech- nology; Whereas, according to The Hidden Gulag IV report, North Korea runs two kinds of prison camps, the kwan-li-so and the kyo-hwa-so, as well as ‘‘various types of short-term forced labour detention facilities’’; Whereas the most heinous camps, the kwan-li-so, are known as Prison Camp 14, 15, 16, 18, and 25 which contain roughly 80,000 to 120,000 political prisoners; VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 2 •HRES 115 IH Whereas the Inquiry on Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea Political Prisons Report of 2017 states that ‘‘hun- dreds of thousands of inmates are estimated to have died’’; Whereas from 1981 to 2013, an estimated 400,000 people out of 500,000 imprisoned were killed in these labor camps; Whereas persons who are sent to these labor camps are forc- ibly disappeared and intended to die; Whereas the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea found, ‘‘the inmate population has been gradually eliminated through deliberate starvation, forced labour, executions, torture, rape and the denial of reproductive rights enforced through punishment, forced abortion and infanticide’’; Whereas up to three generations of a ‘‘violator’s’’ family will be sent to the labor camps even if no ‘‘wrongdoing’’ is found; Whereas, according to the Inquiry on Crimes Against Hu- manity in North Korea Political Prisons Report of 2017, the Government of North Korea regularly and routinely commits crimes against humanity, including murder, ex- termination, enslavement, forcible transfer, imprison- ment, torture, sexual violence, persecution, enforced dis- appearances, and other inhumane acts; Whereas, according to the best available evidence, some spe- cific crimes identified by the Inquiry are— (1) ‘‘Christians are heavily persecuted and receive especially harsh treatment in prison camps, with one former prison guard testifying that ‘Christians were VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 3 •HRES 115 IH reactionaries and there were lots of instructions . . . to wipe out the seed of reactionaries’ ’’; (2) multiple witnesses watched prisoners tortured and killed on account of their religious affiliation; (3) a prisoner was raped by a security officer, after which the officer stuck a wooden stick inside her vagina and beat her lower body, resulting in her death within a week of the rape; (4) an abortion was induced by three men standing on a wooden plank placed on a pregnant prisoner’s stom- ach; (5) another witness lost consciousness after enduring a beating designed to trigger premature labor, with pris- on officials killing her baby before she could regain con- sciousness; (6) rape victims who feared being killed after becom- ing pregnant engaged in self-induced abortions by eating dirt and poisoning themselves with flower roots; (7) other rape victims self-induced abortions by in- serting a rubber tube in their vaginas; (8) rape of teenage girls and their subsequent at- tempts to commit suicide by jumping in the Daedong- gang River were so common that prison guards were de- ployed to the river to thwart them; (9) four pregnant women were executed for pro- testing the fact guards forced them to run down a moun- tain in a failed effort to induce miscarriages; (10) twelve prisoners were shot and killed in the commotion that ensued after the execution of the four pregnant women referenced in paragraph (9) and a former prison guard witnessed a prisoner’s newborn baby, most likely fathered by a high-ranking official, fed to guard dogs and killed; VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 4 •HRES 115 IH (11) female prisoners suspected of being impreg- nated by non-Korean men (namely Chinese men) are sub- jected to especially harsh treatment, with one witness de- scribing a prisoner being injected with a labor-inducing drug and having to watch as a guard suffocated her new- born to death with a wet towel; (12) a former North Korean army nurse testified that she saw multiple abortions performed by injecting Ravenol (a motor oil) into the wombs of pregnant women and that babies born three to four months premature were ‘‘wrapped in newspapers and put in a bucket until buried’’ behind the detention center; (13) deliberate starvation, malnutrition and over- work are extremely common, resulting in the deaths of countless prisoners; (14) at one prison camp, 1,500 to 2,000 prisoners, mostly children, are believed to have died each year from malnutrition, while many other prisoners were beaten to death for failing to meet production quotas; (15) starving prisoners are regularly executed when caught scavenging for food; (16) at one prison camp, starving prisoners who were found digging up edible plants on a mountainside were shot to death; (17) at another camp, a witness saw a fellow inmate executed for stealing potatoes, while in a separate camp a witness described the execution of numerous prisoners caught scavenging for leftover food in prison guards’ quarters; (18) a prisoner was beaten to death for hiding stolen corn in his mouth; VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 5 •HRES 115 IH (19) public executions by firing squads or other means are common, especially for prisoners caught at- tempting to escape; (20) the existence of mass graves is well docu- mented, including detailed descriptions of mass burial sites at or near prison camps, as well as testimony about bodies being ‘‘dumped’’ on mountainsides near prison camps; (21) an undisclosed location near a prison camp was regularly used for nighttime executions, with gunshots clearly audible; (22) at a 1990 prison riot, approximately 1,500 prisoners were shot and killed, their bodies discarded in a closed mine; (23) in order to satisfy production quotas, in- mates—including teenagers—were forced to perform fif- teen to sixteen hours of hard labor per day; (24) one witness was forced to perform hard labor (carrying logs) when he was nine years old; (25) at one mine in particular, prisoners were forced to work 20 hours per day, with a witness testifying that approximately 200 prisoners died each year at that mine alone; (26) a soldier supervising a forced labor site at a po- litical prison rolled a log down a steep mountainside, kill- ing ten prisoners as they were carrying logs up the moun- tain; (27) the bodies of some prisoners who died as a re- sult of forced labor or torture were thrown into the cells of prisoners in solitary confinement and later strung on barbed-wire fences where they were eaten by crows; (28) one witness described a torture chamber with blood and flesh on the walls and decaying corpses of past VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6300 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 6 •HRES 115 IH victims placed in the chamber in order to instill fear in the next prisoner; (29) psychological abuse in political prisons is perva- sive, with gruesome acts, including executions, carried out in plain view of fellow prisoners in order to terrorize them; and (30) torture is a routine feature of life in political prisons, with a 2014 report by Amnesty International concluding that ‘‘North Korea’s prison camps are very possibly home to some of the most appalling torture in the world’’; Whereas officials of the Government of North Korea contin- ually deny the existence of the labor camps; Whereas the Inquiry on Crimes Against Humanity in North Korea Political Prisons Report of 2017 found that North Korea’s labor camp system ‘‘has no parallel in the world today’’; and Whereas the United Nations Commission of Inquiry on Human Rights in the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea found that the government continually commits crimes against humanity and will not cease, ‘‘because the policies, institutions, and patterns of impunity that lie at their root remain in place’’: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the House of Representatives— 1 (1) calls upon the international community to— 2 (A) demand the Democratic People’s Re- 3 public of Korea (North Korea) dismantle its 4 labor camp system; 5 (B) create a special tribunal with jurisdic- 6 tion to investigate and remedy crimes against 7 VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 7 •HRES 115 IH humanity committed by the Government of 1 North Korea; 2 (C) issue targeted sanctions against those 3 individuals who have committed such crimes 4 against humanity; and 5 (D) ban import of goods made by prisoners 6 in the North Korean labor camp system; 7 (2) calls on the leadership of the Government of 8 North Korea to— 9 (A) immediately cease human rights 10 abuses; 11 (B) release the roughly 80,000–120,000 12 political prisoners; 13 (C) halt the ongoing arrests of North Ko- 14 reans on political and religious grounds; 15 (D) allow the International Committee of 16 the Red Cross entry into the camps to assist 17 with the release and rehabilitation of prisoners; 18 (E) allow entry to the United Nations 19 High Commissioner for Human Rights and the 20 United Nations Special Rapporteur on Human 21 Rights in North Korea to monitor the situation 22 and assist with the rehabilitation; and 23 (F) comply with international standards of 24 food distribution and monitoring and allow full 25 VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6201 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS 8 •HRES 115 IH access to international humanitarian agencies; 1 and 2 (3) calls on the United States Government to— 3 (A) continue to pursue any additional 4 sanctions to the extent possible against those 5 individuals responsible for the North Korean 6 labor camp system, including individuals admin- 7 istering such labor camps; and 8 (B) continue to raise awareness in the 9 international community of the labor camps and 10 the continuing atrocious crimes being com- 11 mitted in the labor camps. 12 Æ VerDate Sep 11 2014 22:52 Feb 08, 2019 Jkt 089200 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 6652 Sfmt 6301 E:\BILLS\HR115.IH HR115 kjohnson on DSK79L0C42 with BILLS