Denouncing female genital mutilation/cutting as a violation of the human rights of women and girls and urging the international community and the Federal Government to increase efforts to eliminate the harmful practice.

H. Res. 106 In the House of Representatives, U. S., May 20, 2019. Whereas female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) is recog- nized internationally as a violation of the human rights of women and girls; Whereas FGM/C comprises all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for nonmedical rea- sons; Whereas an estimated 200 million girls and women alive today have been victims of FGM/C, with girls 14 and younger representing 44 million of those who have been cut; Whereas more than 3 million girls are estimated to be at risk of FGM/C annually; Whereas the practice is mostly carried out on young girls be- tween infancy and age 15; Whereas the practice is rooted in gender inequality and is often linked to other elements of gender-based violence and discrimination, such as child marriage; Whereas the World Health Organization asserts that FGM/ C has no health benefits for women and girls, and can have long-term impacts on their physical, psychological, sexual, and reproductive health; 2 •HRES 106 EH Whereas the impacts of FGM/C on the physical health of women and girls can include bleeding, infection, obstetric fistula, complications during childbirth, and death; Whereas, according to UNICEF, FGM/C is reported to occur in all parts of the world, but is most prevalent in parts of Africa, the Middle East, and Asia; Whereas, although the practice of FGM/C is highly con- centrated in specific regions and associated with several cultural traditions, it is not tied to any one religion; Whereas, in 2016, the Centers for Disease Control and Pre- vention published a report estimating that 513,000 women and girls in the United States were at risk or may have been subjected to FGM/C; Whereas, in 2015, the United Nations adopted a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals for 2030 that includes a target to eliminate FGM/C, having previously recognized in 2010 that ‘‘the abandonment of this harmful practice can be achieved as a result of a comprehensive movement that involves all public and private stakeholders in soci- ety’’; Whereas the elimination of FGM/C has been called for by nu- merous intergovernmental organizations, including the African Union, the European Union, and the Organiza- tion of Islamic Cooperation, as well as in 3 resolutions of the United Nations General Assembly; Whereas the Department of State reports on FGM/C in its Annual Country Reports on Human Rights Practices, in- cluding information on whether FGM/C is prevalent, the type and category of genital cutting that is most com- mon, as well as international and governmental efforts being taken to address the practice; 3 •HRES 106 EH Whereas the Federal Government recognized FGM/C as a form of gender-based violence in the United States Strat- egy to Prevent and Respond to Gender-Based Violence Globally, released in August 2012 and updated in June 2016, and the United States Global Strategy to Empower Adolescent Girls, released in March 2016; Whereas a Government Accountability Office report released in 2016 concluded that ‘‘State and USAID currently have limited international assistance efforts to address FGM/C.’’; and Whereas, in 2012, the United Nations General Assembly des- ignated February 6 as the International Day of Zero Tol- erance for Female Genital Mutilation to enhance aware- ness of and encourage concrete actions by states and in- dividuals against the practice: Now, therefore, be it Resolved, That the House of Representatives— (1) denounces female genital mutilation/cutting as a violation of the human rights of women and girls; (2) affirms the importance of ending the practice of female genital mutilation/cutting globally for the safety and security of women; (3) calls upon the international community to in- crease efforts to accelerate the elimination of female gen- ital mutilation/cutting; and (4) urges the Department of State and the United States Agency for International Development in their 4 •HRES 106 EH gender programming to incorporate coordinated efforts to eliminate female genital mutilation/cutting. Attest: Clerk.